Originating DC means the Domain controller on which the object is created first. From the originating DC, the changes will replicate to other DCs in the domain. Some times this information is useful/crucial to know where exactly the object is created. This helps is troubleshooting AD replication related issues and sometimes in forensic investigation.

When ever a object is created in active directory, it stores the originating DC name in the meta data of that object. Meta data is something which we can not see from the general AD management tools like dsa.msc or adssite.msc. To view meta data, either we need to use repadmin or the dotnet object. You all know how to use repadmin so in this post I will give you a powershell script which displays the metadata of a given object.

$Domain = "techibee.com"
$objectDN = "cn=user1,cn=users,dc=techibee,dc=com"
$context = new-object System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.DirectoryContext("Domain",$domain)
$dc = [System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.DomainController]::findOne($context)
$meta = $dc.GetReplicationMetadata($objectDN)
$meta.values

The above script takes two arguments, domain name and object DN and lists all the attributes and their originating DC names. Hope this helps…

Mapped drives are the shares on remote computers for which you assigned a drive letter for easier access. We can query these drives and the target shares behind them with a simple and easy powershell one liner.

Here is the tip of the day. Happy Learning.

Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_MappedLogicalDisk | select Name, ProviderName

If you have worked on SCOM extensively, I am sure you would have already realized about one of the important features that SCOM administrators expect, that is “Scheduling maintenance mode”. That means, one should be able to define at what time a server should enter maintenance mode on daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, run-once basis. Unfortunately, there is no such option in UI.

Couple of days back I was hit with same requirement. A few services on a server are expected to go down for maintenance performed by the application installed on the server. It brings back the services once its activity is completed which never exceeds 30 minutes. These services are CRITICAL for reset of day and not during the time when application is performing the shutdown/startup activity. Initially, I thought I can create a schedule and keep the server in maintenance mode for that 30 minutes daily but I was disappointed after seeing no such option in maintenance mode wizard.

I felt this is a kind of basic requirement for a System administrator to schedule a servers maintenance mode. It helps during scheduled patch reboots and application maintenances.

So, I started looking for the options to fulfill this purpose. After some research ended up with only two options.

• #1: A third party powershell based tool that helps you schedule the maintenances:

The tool name is “SCOM Remote Maintenance Mode Scheduler“. It seems popular tool in internet for scheduling the maintenance mode since many people suggested this when I posted the requirement in technet forum. I read the documentation of it and per my understanding it has DotNet based GUI application which takes inputs from you and creates a scheduled task which inturn executes the powershell scripts that keeps the given computer(s) in maintenance at given schedule. I really like this idea and but felt something which is integrated with SCOM is more useful. The author of this tool has produced some more useful tools for SCOM world. Don’t miss to check them when you visit the site.

• #2: A MS given facility to schedule the maintenance:

After some more research, I came across “System Center Operations Manager 2007 R2 Admin ResKit “which has utility to schedule the maintenance mode. And the plus point with this is, it integrates with SCOM server. That means, you can see all the schedules by connecting to SCOM server and manage them. This is what exactly I needed. After exploring this further, I was bit disappointed because of it’s buggy behavior. It is giving too many dotnet errors and some of the menues in the application are some times not responding because of these errors. I couldn’t explore this tool completely due to these continuous dotnet errors which keeps popping up every time you click something on the utility.

I didn’t expect such buggy product from Microsoft for it’s own baby(SCOM). I wish they will hear this feedback and make it work lazy admins like me. I tried both x64 and x86 versions of the tool and their behavior is same.

So we don’t any other option than leaning towards the first utility if we really want to schedule some maintenance windows.

Hope this analysis helps.

You might see the error message outlined in subject while installing/uninstalling software on windows 2003 computer by connecting to terminal services. We all know that application installation has certain limitations when it comes to terminal services (anyone know why?). In such cases if you still want to install/uninstall the application on these terminal services enabled servers, you need to choose one of the following methods.

If this the requirement is just one of the case, then option#1 best suits you.

Option#1:

start mstsc with /console or /admin option and then connect to the server. This allows you to connect to the console of the server directly eliminating terminal services piece from you way.

Go to start -> Run -> type “mstsc /admin /v:servername” and click OK if you are using RDP client v6 or above

Go to start ->Run -> type “mstsc /console /v:servername” and click OK if you are using legacy version of RDP client.

Option#2:

If your administrators are expected to install applications on servers by connecting via terminal services, then you need to make sure that application installation is allowed. You can do it via group policies.

“computer configuration” -> “administrative templates” -> “windows components” -> “windows installer” -> “allow admin to install from terminal server session” should be enabled

Hope this helps.

This powershell function helps you to get the network status of all network adapters in a given computer. Using this script it is easy to determine the status of all network connections in remote computer to see whether it is connected/disconnected/media disconnected/and different other statuses. This script queries Win32_NetworkAdapter WMI class for list of network adapters and then fetches the status of each adapter by querying “netconnectionstatus” parameter. This is a uint16 data type which returns any value ranging from 0-12. Each value from 0 to 12 has it’s own meaning. See the below table for details(source: MSDN)

So, here is the script which lists the network adapter name and its status.

Script:

function Get-NetworkConnectionStatus {
param(
$ComputerName=$env:computername
)
$statushash = @{
0 = "Disconnected"
1 = "Connecting"
2 = "Connected"
3 = "Disconnecting"
4 = "Hardware not present"
5 = "Hardware disabled"
6 = "Hardware malfunction"
7 = "Media Disconnected"
8 = "Authenticating"
9 = "Authentication Succeeded"
10 = "Authentication Failed"
11 = "Invalid Address"
12 = "Credentials Required"
}
$networks = Gwmi -Class Win32_NetworkAdapter -ComputerName $computername
$networkName = @{name="NetworkName";Expression={$_.Name}}
$networkStatus = @{name="Networkstatus";Expression=` 
{$statushash[[int32]$($_.NetConnectionStatus)]}}
foreach ($network in $networks) {
  $network | select $networkName, $Networkstatus
  }
}

Usage:

Get-NetworkConnectionStatus -ComputerName PC1

Hope this helps…

Yesterday I got a requirement to verify if a given list of folders are replicated to new installed PF server or not. I added the new sever to replica list of required PF folders and now I need to verfiy if the replication is completed so that I can remove the old PF server from the replica list.

Either Exchange management console or the exfolder util(utility to manage PF replicas and permissions) is not having the option to verify the replication status. Exfolder.exe is helpful to some extent as it is showing the list of items in that PF so that I can compare and confirm that all mails are replicated. I can do this for folders which has less number of items, but if the folder has more number of emails, then it is not a ideal way of doing it.

After researching for time, I found the way that solves my problem. The “Get-PublicfolderStatistics” cmdlet is the right choice here. I used this and generated the email items count in a PF from a particular PF server. After that ran two queries (listed below) and directed the output to a file for comprison. I tried to assign the output of each command to a variable and tried to compare-object cmdlet to compare the contents of both the output variables, but it didn’t work as exepcted for some weird reason. Let me know if it works for you.

Get-PublicFolderStatistics -Server PFServer1            
Get-PublicFolderStatistics -Server PFServer2

Hope this helps…

Are you trying to create your own Management pack for custom needs? Then, you should read “SCOM MP Authoring Guide” to kick start. This gives you some deep insight into classes, relations,, discovery, discovery targets, discovery relations, discovery scripts(basically helps you create custom discoveries), different types of monitors(event, script, service, health, performance, unit, etc), different types of rules(event, collection), tasks, etc. It also helps you to understand how to perform tasks like groups creation, monitor/rules creations, etc.

You can also down full SCOM 2007 R2 documentation from here

Happy SCOMing.

I have seen hits from people coming to my blog with query string “converting string to a char array”. I don’t a post which shows how to do this but a similar post(https://techibee.com/powershell/know-about-ofs-a-special-variable-in-powershell/794) in my blog is catching these hits. Since many peopel are looking for this, I felt I should write one.

Converting a string into a character array is very straight forward. For example, take a string $website=”techibee.com”. Here $website is a string and if you want to convert this into a array of characters each letter fitting into one item in array, then just use [char[]]$website and you are done. You can go through the below little script for demonstration.

[string]$website = “TechiBee.com”

$chararray = [char[]]$website

write-host $chararray

#You can pick the element you want by passing the number to array index

write-host $chararray[2]

#You can also see what type of object $chararray is by invoking below command

$chararray.gettype()

Hope this little script helps you..

We all know that it is easy to get date time using powershell. It is as simple as

$currenttime = Get-date

write-host $currenttime

But the real challenge comes when you want the variable to hold current time whenever we query it. In the above example if you query the value of $currenttime it will show the time when it got the value from get-date. That means it is just holding one instance which is not valid if you want it to hold always currect time.

Today I came across a little PS tip which helps us to do this. That means we can have a dynamic variable which always returns the latest time when queries.

$global:currenttime= Set-PSBreakpoint -Variable currenttime -Mode Read -Action { $global:currenttime= Get-Date }

write-host $currenttime

start-sleep 5

write-host $currenttime

start-sleep 5

write-host $currenttime

After executing the above code, you will see output similar to this.

Hope this little tip helps you…